Bricks and Cantrips A deep dive into card game design

A Look At Legends - Ragnaros The Firelord

Let’s talk about an iconic, legendary card that help kick off Hearthstone’s launch – Ragnaros the Firelord.

Ragnaros, the Firelord

Blizzard Entertainment released Hearthstone in 2014, pioneering digital-first collectible card games. Hearthstone has two opponents dueling each other with their decks, using minions and spells to battle it out. Each deck has a class, one of nine, and based on the classes in Blizzard’s MMORPG, World of Warcraft. These classes act as factions or colors in other card games, and allow access to certain cards, as well as the hero ability that a player can use if they are unable or unwilling to play a card from their hand.

Hearthstone has a lower deck count than most decks, with decks being exactly 30 cards (most games have either 40 or 60 card minimum decks). A deck can have two copies of a card, or only one if that card is a very rare card (known as Legendary).

Each class had access to 25 unique class cards, but only one legendary. If a player wanted to add more unique and powerful legendary cards to their deck, they would have to build using neutral cards – cards that were available to all decks.

It is from this pool of neutral legendary cards that we come to meet Ragnaros the Firelord.

The name and art of this card, as well as its legendary frame, tell the player that this entity is powerful. A formal name followed by a title can communicate that a card is a known figure of renown. For what it’s, Firelord is a pretty awesome title.

The art does an amazing job of showing this lord in action. The pose has a fluid sense of motion, like he’s about to bring his hammer down. The massive proportions of the chest, arms, hands, and hammer help show that Ragnaros is an absolute titan. Also he’s engulfed in flames. Or, rather, composed of flames.

When we start to look at the metrics and mechanics of the card, we continue to see that this is an endgame thread.

The mana cost, power, and health of this minion are all symmetrical at a value of 8.

For cards with symmetrical costs and attack/defense stats, the numbers 1-5 can be used easily. The players will notice, but most likely chalk up the card to being quite balanced and even.

Symmetrical numbers between 6-10 (and beyond) are much more noticible.

The number 6 used three times (666) refers to Satan, or the devil, in western culture. This can imply a demonic nature, or perhaps a card with a large upside, but bigger downside (like selling your soul to the devil).

On the other hand, the number 7 used multiple times is associated with gambling or good luck. Specifically, three lucky 7s invokes winning a jackpot at a slot machine. A card with multiple 7s can be used with a card that incorporates a lot of randomness or chance, especially with an ability that can be used multiple times.

Here, the number 8 stands out because it is quite a large number. Keep in mind that the ceiling for a card’s mana cost in Hearthstone is 10 (unless there is a card designed with a cost reduction mechanic, like Molten Giant).

Let’s talk about Ragnaros’s abilities. So far, we have a gigantic fire titan swinging its hammer down, and we have defined in the game system that this is an expensive and strong monster.

Can’t attack.

Not off to a good start.

At the end of your turn, deal 8 damage to a random enemy.

Now we get to the meat and potatoes of Ragnaros. Instead of having a creature that attacks a target of your choosing and dealing 8 damage, and receiving damage from that creature, Ragnaros instead blasts a random target with 8 damage, and takes no damage back. This last part is important – in Hearthstone, damage is permanent. If you attack something, it will attack back. Ragnaros can blast away with impunity, since it does not aattack.

Mechanically, these two abilities have huge upside, and potentially some downside. The natural first instinct is to say that having a random target is quite terrible. You could obliterate some squirrel or insect, or something else that has one health and gets overkilled.

However, the upside is that Ragnaros now deals damage without receiving damage back.

You can also manage the downside by taking actions to eliminate the smallest targets, leaving only large minions, or even the opponent’s face, open for Ragnaros to blast.

If the enemy wants to kill Ragnaros with their own minions, Ragnaros will retaliate back.

The design of its ability, and the random nature, led to moments of tension, joy, and frustration. There are many clips online showing the build up to a scenario that leads to an XX% chance of winning, then hearing’s Ragnaros’s voicelike, “BY FIRE BE PURGED!”, then watching the fireball go to the opponent’s face and close out the game.

One important aspect of this ability is that it works best in a digital environment. If you were playing a tabletop card game like Magic, you could assign each creature that opponent had to a number, then roll a die to determine the outcome, but the process is cumbersome, clunky, and vague (what if opponent has more permanents than sides of your die?). Here, the game is able to automate the randomness check and reveal the result in an exciting moment that has both players on the edge of their seats.

Ragnaros’s ability has a hidden upside as well. For context, one ability in Hearthstone is called Silence – you can remove a card’s textbox or ongoing abilities. Normally, for a card with a strong ability, this would be great. However, if you silence Ragnaros, yes you will stop eight damage coming at you every turn, but now it can attack again, meaning that it’s now an everyday 8/8.

Note: Yes, the image shown and the current version of the card in Hearthstone has a minion type of Elemental. This was added in a later update, and was not present upon its initial release. I’ll eschew analysis of the minion type for now, so that we can talk about minion typal mechanic and other in more detail later.

Flavorwise, the mechanics capture the feeling of summoning a powerful firelord. It’s strong, it’s tempermental, it’s passionate, and it’s probably not going to listen to you.

In the lore of Warcraft, a faction of dwarves summoned Ragnaros in an attempt to use it in their ongoing war. This quickly backfired and Ragnaros subjugated this faction of dwarves to serve his whims.

Ragnaros, the Firelord as a Hearthstone card won’t turn on you in quite the same fashion, but it is made clear that it won’t listen to you and you can’t issue it commands.

Ragnaros, the Firelord left quite an impression on players and designers. It’s come back in a few forms, though none quite as popular or impactful as the original. Its strength, flavor, and the ability to close out games in style led to Ragnaros seeing play in many decks. And it helped Hearthstone land on the scene with a bang.